{"id":1621,"date":"2022-01-23T12:42:02","date_gmt":"2022-01-23T12:42:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dochoihoangha.com\/edu\/?p=1621"},"modified":"2022-01-23T12:59:13","modified_gmt":"2022-01-23T12:59:13","slug":"thiet-ke-va-to-chuc-tro-choi-hoc-tap","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dochoihoangha.com\/edu\/thiet-ke-va-to-chuc-tro-choi-hoc-tap.html","title":{"rendered":"H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp cho tr\u1ebb m\u1eabu gi\u00e1o"},"content":{"rendered":"

Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp cho tr\u1ebb m\u1ea7m non<\/strong>. Vui ch\u01a1i l\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf m\u1ecdi l\u1ee9a tu\u1ed5i. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi tr\u1ebb m\u1eabu gi\u00e1o \u2013 l\u1ee9a tu\u1ed5i m\u1edbi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi xung quanh v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, vui ch\u01a1i lu\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp.<\/p>\n

Tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp cho tr\u1ebb m\u1eabu gi\u00e1o lu\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00f4 nu\u00f4i d\u1ea1y tr\u1ebb \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1eabu gi\u00e1o quan t\u00e2m t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c. Tuy nhi\u00ean, trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf hi\u1ec7n nay kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f4 nu\u00f4i d\u1ea1y tr\u1ebb v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1eabu gi\u00e1o n\u00e0o c\u0169ng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 b\u1ed5 \u00edch cho tr\u1ebb.<\/p>\n

B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft \u0111i s\u00e2u nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp cho tr\u1ebb nh\u1eb1m g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n gi\u00fap c\u00e1c c\u00f4 nu\u00f4i d\u1ea1y tr\u1ebb v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1eabu gi\u00e1o c\u00f3 c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i b\u1ed5 \u00edch cho tr\u1ebb, \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u n\u00e2ng cao ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1eabu gi\u00e1o hi\u1ec7n nay<\/p>\n

\"So<\/p>\n

So s\u00e1nh T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng Tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp<\/em><\/p>\n

T\u1eeb kho\u00e1<\/strong>: tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp; thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp; t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp; tr\u1ebb m\u1eabu gi\u00e1o; c\u00f4 gi\u00e1o m\u1ea7m non<\/em>,
\ntr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ea7m non.<\/p>\n

Xem th\u00eam: Nh\u1eefng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp m\u1ea7m non<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n

1. \u0110\u1eb7t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1<\/h2>\n

Vui ch\u01a1i l\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb m\u1eabu gi\u00e1o, \u201ctr\u1ebb h\u1ecdc m\u00e0 ch\u01a1i, ch\u01a1i m\u00e0 h\u1ecdc\u201d. Tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n nh\u1eb1m gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nh\u00e2n c\u00e1ch to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n cho tr\u1ebb, gi\u00fap tr\u1ebb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ecfa m\u00e3n nhu\u00a0 c\u1ea7u ch\u01a1i, nhu c\u1ea7u h\u1ecdc, kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 v\u00e0 h\u00f2a nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi xung quanh. V\u00ec v\u1eady, vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp cho tr\u1ebb m\u1eabu gi\u00e1o t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ea7m non l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng quan tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n

2. N\u1ed9i dung<\/h2>\n

<\/p>\n

2.1. Tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb m\u1eabu gi\u00e1o<\/h3>\n

2.1.1. Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i, tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp<\/h3>\n

Tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb lao \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 tr\u1ebb \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng. Tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i mang b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, n\u1ed9i dung ch\u01a1i ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c xung quanh. Tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i kh\u00f4ng n\u1ea3y sinh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t m\u00e0 do \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00f3 \u00fd th\u1ee9c ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u00fd th\u1ee9c t\u1eeb ph\u00eda ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n b\u00e8, giao ti\u1ebfp x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i.<\/p>\n

Tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 d\u1ea1y h\u1ecdc, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c trong n\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c d\u00e2n gian. N\u00f3 thu\u1ed9c nh\u00f3m tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i c\u00f3 lu\u1eadt, do ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn ngh\u0129 ra cho tr\u1ebb ch\u01a1i v\u00e0 d\u00f9ng n\u00f3 v\u00e0o m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c v\u00e0 d\u1ea1y h\u1ecdc, h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 cho tr\u1ebb .<\/p>\n

2.1.2. K\u1ebft c\u1ea5u c\u1ee7a tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp<\/h3>\n

M\u1ed7i tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp bao g\u1ed3m 3 th\u00e0nh t\u1ed1, v\u00e0 ch\u00fang c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 bi\u1ec7n ch\u1ee9ng v\u1edbi nhau. N\u1ebfu thi\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t trong ba th\u00e0nh t\u1ed1 th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0:<\/p>\n

+ N\u1ed9i dung ch\u01a1i<\/strong>: Ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i, n\u00f3 kh\u01a1i g\u1ee3i h\u1ee9ng th\u00fa, t\u00ednh t\u00edch c\u1ef1c, nguy\u1ec7n v\u1ecdng ch\u01a1i c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb. M\u1ed7i tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, ch\u00ednh \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m cho tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i n\u00e0y kh\u00e1c tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i kia.<\/p>\n

+ H\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u01a1i<\/strong>: L\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c tr\u1ebb l\u00e0m trong l\u00fac ch\u01a1i v\u00e0 n\u00f3 l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh t\u1ed1 \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp. C\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u01a1i l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp, thi\u1ebfu ch\u00fang th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i n\u1eefa. H\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00e0ng phong ph\u00fa, nhi\u1ec1u h\u00ecnh nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ebb bao nhi\u00eau th\u00ec s\u1ed1 tr\u1ebb tham gia tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ea5y nhi\u00eau v\u00e0 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i c\u00e0ng l\u00fd th\u00fa.<\/p>\n

+ Lu\u1eadt ch\u01a1i<\/strong>: L\u00e0 qui \u0111\u1ecbnh bu\u1ed9c tr\u1ebb ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 khi ch\u01a1i, n\u1ebfu ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 ch\u00fang th\u00ec tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i c\u0169ng b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1. Lu\u1eadt ch\u01a1i n\u00e0y do n\u1ed9i dung ch\u01a1i qui \u0111\u1ecbnh. V\u00e0 qua lu\u1eadt ch\u01a1i tr\u1ebb \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf t\u1ef1 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Khi tr\u1ebb tham gia v\u00e0o tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp th\u00ec k\u1ebft th\u00fac tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 tr\u1ebb ph\u1ea3i ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n

V\u00ec v\u1eady, vi\u1ec7c d\u1ea1y h\u1ecdc cho tr\u1ebb m\u1eabu gi\u00e1o b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o cho tr\u1ebb kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c d\u01b0\u1edbi h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c ch\u01a1i nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng, kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t, n\u00e2ng cao h\u1ee9ng th\u00fa c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c t\u1eadp trung ch\u00fa \u00fd, t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi l\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a c\u00f4 gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o cho vi\u1ec7c l\u0129nh h\u1ed9i tri th\u1ee9c, k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n. Nh\u1eefng nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 ch\u01a1i v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u01a1i \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi tr\u1ebb t\u00edch c\u1ef1c huy \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00e1c tri th\u1ee9c, k\u0129 n\u0103ng, k\u0129 x\u1ea3o c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 m\u00e0 tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i \u0111\u1eb7t ra.<\/p>\n

2.1.3. Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp<\/h3>\n

M\u1ed7i tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u00fd ngh\u0129a nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb. \u0110\u1ec3 gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta d\u1ec5 nh\u1eadn ra \u00fd ngh\u0129a, vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u00e2m l\u00ed n\u00f3i chung v\u00e0 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb n\u00f3i ri\u00eang, th\u00ec tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i sau:<\/p>\n

– Tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp nh\u1eb1m ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c gi\u00e1c quan<\/strong>: nh\u1eb1m r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u1eadn c\u1ea3m c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb.<\/p>\n

– Tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp nh\u1eb1m ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c thao t\u00e1c t\u01b0 duy<\/strong>: quan s\u00e1t, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch, so s\u00e1nh, kh\u00e1i qu\u00e1t c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Loto l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ea1ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

– Tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u00f3c t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb<\/strong>: d\u1ea1ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i n\u00e0y l\u00e0 tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng.<\/p>\n

– Tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tr\u00ed nh\u1edb<\/strong>: r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tr\u00ed nh\u1edb c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng tri th\u1ee9c, nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m, bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00e0 tr\u1ebb l\u0129nh h\u1ed9i tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n

– Tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef<\/strong>: nhi\u1ec1u tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i c\u00f3 l\u1eddi ca, ti\u1ebfng h\u00e1t \u0111\u1ec3 di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 n\u1ed9i dung ch\u01a1i. Ch\u00ednh l\u1eddi ca, ti\u1ebfng h\u00e1t \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m tr\u1ebb vui nh\u1ed9n, tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i, h\u1ed3n nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 qua \u0111\u00f3 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb tr\u1edf n\u00ean m\u1ea1ch l\u1ea1c.<\/p>\n

2.1.4. \u00dd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi tr\u1ebb m\u1eabu gi\u00e1o<\/h3>\n

Nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec1u cho r\u1eb1ng, tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u00fd ngh\u0129a quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nh\u00e2n c\u00e1ch n\u00f3i chung v\u00e0 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb m\u1eabu gi\u00e1o n\u00f3i ri\u00eang. Tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp ch\u1eb3ng nh\u1eefng d\u1ea1y cho tr\u1ebb tr\u00ed th\u00f4ng minh, l\u00f2ng d\u0169ng c\u1ea3m, \u00fd ch\u00ed ki\u00ean c\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu l\u00f9i b\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n m\u00e0 c\u00f2n gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c cho tr\u1ebb t\u1ef1 tin v\u00e0o b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n, t\u00ednh h\u00e0i h\u01b0\u1edbc, t\u00ednh t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, t\u00ednh k\u1ec9 lu\u1eadt, l\u00f2ng t\u1ef1 h\u00e0o d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, y\u00eau qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng…<\/p>\n

\"\u00dd<\/p>\n

\u201cTr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n s\u1ed1ng nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng tr\u1ebb v\u1ec1 c\u1ea3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t l\u1eabn t\u00e2m h\u1ed3n m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n th\u00f4ng tin v\u00f4 t\u1eadn, l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, \u00f3c s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb. Tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i x\u00fac c\u1ea3m l\u00e0nh m\u1ea1nh trong khi ch\u01a1i th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u00e2m l\u00ed c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb nh\u01b0 tri gi\u00e1c, c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c, t\u01b0 duy, ch\u00fa \u00fd, ghi nh\u1edb, ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef…<\/p>\n

Trong tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i, tr\u1ebb l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u cao h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u1ef1c, tr\u1ebb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p\u201d. V\u00e0 d\u01b0\u1edbi \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp, trong s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb m\u1eabu gi\u00e1o c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfn r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a c\u00e1c thao t\u00e1c t\u1ec9 m\u1ec9 b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed3 v\u1eadt v\u00e0o thao t\u00e1c tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 b\u00ean trong d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m.<\/p>\n

Nh\u1edd c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp<\/strong>, lu\u1eadt ch\u01a1i c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ef1ng nh\u1eefng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u, \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c, d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n gi\u00fap tr\u1ebb l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng, n\u1ebfu tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u00e0nh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1ebd g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1eafc l\u1ef1c v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tri gi\u00e1c, c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c v\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb m\u1eabu gi\u00e1o.<\/p>\n

2.2. Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp cho tr\u1ebb m\u1eabu gi\u00e1o<\/h3>\n

Xem th\u00eam: T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i cho tr\u1ebb m\u1ea7m non luy\u1ec7n t\u1eadp trung ch\u00fa \u00fd cho tr\u1ebb<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n

\"Thi\u1ebft<\/p>\n

2.2.1. Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u khi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp<\/h3>\n

– C\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh t\u1ed1 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp.<\/p>\n

– C\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn: t\u00ean tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn; lu\u1eadt ch\u01a1i r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u, d\u1ec5 nh\u1edb, d\u1ec5 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n; ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n ch\u01a1i sinh \u0111\u1ed9ng, h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn, thu h\u00fat nhi\u1ec1u tr\u1ebb c\u00f9ng tham gia chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb.<\/p>\n

– Tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i ph\u1ea3i theo h\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1edf nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb.<\/p>\n

– S\u1eafp x\u1ebfp c\u00e1c tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i theo m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 t\u1eebng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1eeb d\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u00f3, t\u1eeb \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p.<\/p>\n

– \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o tr\u1ebb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u01a1i vui v\u1ebb, t\u1ef1 do, t\u1ef1 nguy\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n

2.2.2. Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf<\/h3>\n

– \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch<\/strong>: Ph\u1ea3i h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c m\u1ea7m non<\/a><\/strong>. Do \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh t\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp c\u1ea7n h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0o l\u00e0m gi\u00e0u bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n k\u0129 n\u0103ng nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng, gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng xung quanh.<\/p>\n

– \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh v\u1eeba s\u1ee9c<\/strong>: Ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u00e2m sinh l\u00ed c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb m\u1eabu gi\u00e1o n\u00f3i chung v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb m\u1eabu gi\u00e1o n\u00f3i ri\u00eang.<\/p>\n

– \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n<\/strong>: Vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp t\u1eeb d\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u00f3, t\u1eeb \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p.<\/p>\n

– \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh \u0111a d\u1ea1ng<\/strong>: \u0110a d\u1ea1ng v\u1ec1 n\u1ed9i dung \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh \u1edf tr\u1ebb kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00e1c ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c, c\u00e1c k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u00e0 c\u00f2n gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u1edf tr\u1ebb c\u1ea3 th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u00e2n v\u0103n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n

– \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn<\/strong>: \u0110\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t huy t\u00ednh t\u00edch c\u1ef1c, t\u1ef1 do, t\u1ef1 nguy\u1ec7n tham gia tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb<\/strong>, k\u00edch th\u00edch \u1edf tr\u1ebb nhu c\u1ea7u t\u00ecm t\u00f2i, kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1.<\/p>\n

– \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn<\/strong>: C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i \u1edf c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00e1c nhau, d\u1ec5 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng; v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, \u0111\u1ed3 ch\u01a1i \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, d\u1ec5 ki\u1ebfm, d\u1ec5 l\u00e0m.<\/p>\n

2.2.3. C\u00e1ch thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp<\/h3>\n